What are 'wyes' in pipefitting?

Wyes are specifically designed fittings in pipefitting that enable one pipe to branch off into two separate pipes. This design allows for efficient flow splitting without significant disruption in the system's pressure or flow direction. The shape of a wye fitting resembles the letter 'Y,' which is indicative of its function; it is used to connect a main line to a secondary line, allowing for the smooth transition of fluids from one source into two distinct directions.

In practical applications, wyes are crucial for proper drainage or piping systems where a diversion is required. They maintain the structural integrity of the piping by making smooth bends, which is important for minimizing turbulence and facilitating better flow characteristics compared to other types of fittings that may cause more abrupt changes in direction.